Guide: How to Boost a Website using Tag
Forward-thinking browsers are the future of high-speed internet, giving us resources we want even before we know we want them. Today’s browsers already make some predictions occasionally up to speed up retrieval and display of documents. To take this to the next step, we’re looking at none other than web developers. Developers have one pretty good idea from how their websites are navigated, and which resources are most often requested and thus they can predict some future operations that browsers should perform for sites. All it takes now is for developers to find a way to pass these predictions on to browsers and make good use of itThis is where some special “HTML links” come in.
A refresher on HTTP requests
Before we get to these links, it’s time to refresh our memory on how a typical HTTP-requested file fetch operation takes place. Let’s say someone named Joe wants to visit a website. Here’s what happens next: A typical HTTP request goes through all that (and more) to retrieve a document over the Internet. So as one of these processes can be started up if possible, we can shortens the time we have to wait for the delivery of the resources we want
HTML linking relationships
W3C specifies 4 HTML link relationships (rel for relationship) named dns-prefetch, preconnect, prefetch and prerender. Together they become (by W3C) the “Hints for sourcesNow, we’ll see what they can do and where they can be used
1. DNS prefetch
In DNS prefetch it is domain name resolution (also known as getting the matching IP address from the DNS server) is done in advance. Let’s say there is a reference page on a website with a lot of reference links to its sister site. When a user visits the reference page, chances are that the user will navigate to the sister site. So a early DNS lookup because the sister site can reduce the time it takes to open the site (improving the user experience). This latency reduction via DNS prefetching can be done by adding this code to the reference page. When a browser processes this code on the reference page, it adds the sister site’s DNS lookup to its job queues, and when it is clear of other high-priority jobs in the queue, it starts the sister site’s DNS resolution. So when a user finally clicks on one of the links that takes them to the sister site, that site’s DNS resolution may have already been completed and the browser can immediately start establishing the client-server TCP connection to the sister site server, making that page load faster. This feature will be available in almost all modern browsers except Safari from January.
2. Connect in advance
Preconnect is a step further than DNS prefetch, it establishes a connection to the server that can be requested later in the future. W3C lists an ideal use case for preconnect: redirectsDevelopers use redirects for a number of reasons. In this case, the following request is from a browser (redirected site) 100% predictable, and may pre-connected, to reduction in navigation latency Imagine there is an intermediate site page that redirects to “xyzsite”, the following HTML link causes the browser to pre-connect to the xyzsite server when it lands on that intermediate page. This will be available in Chrome, Opera and Firefox from January.
3. Pick up in advance
With prefetch, for a source, the browser starts with implementing the DNS resolution of the domain name of the resource, thereafter performs a TCP connection to the source server, makes the HTTP request and finally gets and stores the pre-fetched resource in the browser cache. If you are sure what resources you will need later, that’s the resource you should get beforehand; therein lies the catch. Pick up in advance takes guesswork, and if you guess wrong, you could actually slow down instead of speed up your site. For online books, galleries or portfolios, if the user is most likely to scroll to the next page, the sources will be pre-fetched, such as Pictures, things can speed up up considerably. Here’s the code to do that. Prefetch is supported in Chrome, Firefox and Opera.
4. Prerender
Prerendering is only possible for HTML pages. Is a pre-generated HTML page displayed offline, and is painted on the screen when the user really needs it. To render takes more computing power and memoryPlus, in order to display a page, the browser may require additional resources (such as images added to the page) that go to more consistent requests by browser. So it should be more prerequisite used with care, and not overused. If you add the following code, the “About” page is displayed beforehand. Prerender will be available in Chrome, IE and Opera from January.
A few things to note
(1) None of the above resource hints guarantee the execution and completion of the various stages of the request for which it was made, because when the browser is already processing the requests necessary for the operations of the current page on which the user is located, perform these optimizations can interfere with the user’s current tasks So everything is queued and executed when the browser feels free to do so. These resource hints do not necessarily have to be on the page, even before the page loads. They can be added later by JavaScript, and the resource hints will do their job as usual. (2) W3C specifies one HTML link attribute called hint probability, pr (with value 0 to 1) for these resource hints, which can be used to indicate the probability of requests that will be made in the future. However, I have not yet implemented this attribute by a browser. As an example, the following code states that there is an 80% chance that xyzsite will be requested in the future and 30% for the about page. We can also add the optional crossorigin attribute to the resource hints to inform the browser of the CORS reference of the linked request.
How to Boost a Website using Tag: benefits
Faq
Final note
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